Which of the following best lists the origin of the trapezius muscle?

• A. Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) with proprioceptive input from C3-C4.
• B. Elevates the scapula and assists in upward rotation of the scapulothoracic joint.
• C. External occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of C7-T12.
• D. Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula.

Answer: (C)

The question is asking where the trapezius originates. The correct origin is the attachment points at the skull and along the upper back: external occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, and the spinous processes of C7 through T12. These proximal attachments anchor the muscle so its fibers can pull on the scapula and clavicle to produce movement. The other statements describe either innervation (spinal accessory nerve with proprioception from C3–C4), actions (elevating the scapula and upward rotation), or insertion (lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula). Since the question focuses on origin, the listed skull and spinal attachment points are the correct match.